Parts of speech in the Arabic language

Abstract

This study, titled “Parts of Speech”, aims to: clarify the definition and classification criteria of the parts of speech in the Arabic language; explain the grammatical and morphological characteristics of each category; explore the linguistic overlaps that may occur among different parts of speech; and highlight the importance of understanding these categories in linguistic analysis and education.
The study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, relying on both classical and modern grammatical sources. It analyzes the syntactic and morphological functions of parts of speech through a variety of linguistic examples. Among its key findings: the division of Arabic words into noun, verb, and particle is based on precise semantic and contextual principles. The noun is marked by clear morphological and syntactic features, such as taking the definite article “al”, accepting tanwīn, and being subject to case endings and syntactic functions. This categorization is essential for language teaching, computational analysis, and interpreting literary and religious texts.