Evaluation of the Role of Early Physical Therapy Post-Liver Transplantation from the Perspective of Specialists and Surgeons

Abstract

Liver transplantation is a major and complex surgical procedure requiring meticulous post-operative care to avoid potential complications. Early physiotherapy is a cornerstone of accelerated recovery protocols after surgery (ERAS), aiming to reduce complications of physical inactivity such as lung infections and muscle weakness. This study aimed to evaluate the role of early physiotherapy after liver transplantation from the perspective of the medical team (surgeons, anesthesiologists and intensivists, and hepatologists) and to identify obstacles to its implementation. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing a validated questionnaire administered to a sample of 145 physicians and healthcare practitioners in public and private hospitals in Tripoli. The study yielded several key findings, most notably a high level of awareness among physicians regarding the importance of early physiotherapy, with an overall average score of 4.26. However, its practical application faces significant obstacles, primarily "fear of the impact of movement on surgical wound sutures" and "the instability of the patient's health condition." The results also showed statistically significant differences in viewpoints attributable to the specialty variable, with anesthesiologists and intensive care physicians being more positive in supporting early physiotherapy compared to surgeons. In light of these findings, the study recommended the implementation of standardized, written protocols for early physiotherapy in liver transplant units, strengthening communication and trust among members of the multidisciplinary medical team, and conducting training workshops to clarify safety standards for early mobilization.